Mayan Civilization (2000 BCE – 1500 CE)

                                          Mayan Civilization (2000 BCE – 1500 CE)

The Mayan civilization was one of the most advanced and influential cultures of ancient Mesoamerica. It thrived in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador, with its peak occurring between 250 and 900 CE. The Mayans are known for their advanced knowledge in astronomy, mathematics, architecture, and hieroglyphic writing

One of their most remarkable achievements was the development of the Mayan calendar, which was based on precise astronomical observations. They also created a complex mathematical system, including the use of zero, which was an innovation ahead of its time. Their hieroglyphic writing system, one of the earliest in the Americas, was used to record history, religious beliefs, and royal lineage on stone monuments and books made from tree bark, called codices.

The Mayans built impressive cities such as Chichén Itzá, Tikal, and Palenque, which featured towering pyramids, palaces, and ceremonial centers. These cities functioned as independent city-states, each ruled by a king and supported by a highly organized society. Their economy was based on agriculture, trade, and tribute.

Despite their achievements, the civilization began to decline around 900 CE, possibly due to drought, warfare, and political instability. However, the Mayans never disappeared completely. Today, millions of people in Central America still speak Mayan languages ​​and practice traditional customs, preserving their ancient heritage.