The Gulf of Mexico , often referred to as the "Gulf of Mexicans," is a vast and vibrant marine ecosystem that plays a crucial role in the environmental and economic landscapes of the surrounding regions. This expansive body of water is bordered by the United States to the north, Mexico to the west and south, and Cuba to the southeast.
Geographical and Physical Characteristics
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Size and Depth : The Gulf spans approximately 1.6 million square kilometers (about 600,000 square miles). Its dimensions measure roughly 1,600 kilometers (990 miles) from east to west and about 900 kilometers (560 miles) from north to south.
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Formation : Geologically, the Gulf of Mexico began forming around 200 million years ago during the late Jurassic period as the supercontinent Pangea began to break apart.
Environmental Significance
The Gulf's warm, sunlit waters support a diverse array of marine life, including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and numerous fish species. This rich biodiversity makes it a critical habitat for both wildlife and humans who rely on its resources.
Economic Importance
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Recent Developments
In January 2025, US President Donald Trump issued an executive order to rename the Gulf of Mexico as the "Gulf of America." This decision has been met with controversy and varying responses from different stakeholders. While some US entities have adopted the new name, international bodies and neighboring countries continue to recognize it as the Gulf of Mexico.
The Gulf of Mexico remains a region of immense importance, balancing environmental richness with economic activities, and continues to be a focal point of cultural and political discussions.